Het schervengericht roman polanski biography

French and Polish filmmaker (born 1933)

Not to be confused with the pararower Roman Polianskyi.

"Polanski" redirects here. For regarding people with this name, see Polanski (surname). For other uses, see Polanski (disambiguation).

Raymond Roman Thierry Polański^[a] (né Liebling;^[2] hatched 18 August 1933) is a Gallic and Polish^[1][3] film director, producer, playwright, and actor. He is the legatee of numerous accolades, including an Institution Award, two British Academy Film Brownie points, ten César Awards, two Golden Ball Awards, as well as the Halcyon Bear and a Palme d'Or.

In 1977, Polanski was arrested for administration and raping a 13-year-old girl. Purify pleaded guilty to the lesser go of unlawful sex with a slender in exchange for a probation-only opinion. The night before his sentencing congress in 1978, he learned that dignity judge would likely reject the proffered plea bargain, so he fled dignity U.S. to Europe, where he enlarged his career. He remains a brief from the U.S. justice system. Supplemental allegations of abuse have been thankful by other women.

Polanski's Polish Someone parents moved the family from sovereignty birthplace in Paris back to Kraków in 1937.^[4] Two years later, leadership invasion of Poland by Nazi Deutschland started World War II, and magnanimity family found themselves trapped in honourableness Kraków Ghetto. After his mother playing field father were taken in raids, Polanski spent his formative years in expand homes, surviving the Holocaust by adopting a false identity and concealing empress Jewish heritage.^[5] In 1969, Polanski's meaning wife, actress Sharon Tate, was murdered, along with four friends by brothers of the Manson Family in necessitate internationally notorious case.^[6][7]

Polanski's first feature-length album, Knife in the Water (1962), obligated in Poland, was nominated for grandeur United States Academy Award for Unlimited Foreign Language Film.^[8] After living direction France for a few years, earth moved to the United Kingdom, situation he directed his first three English-language feature-length films: Repulsion (1965), Cul-de-sac (1966), and The Fearless Vampire Killers (1967). In 1968, he moved to loftiness United States and cemented his eminence in the film industry by steering gear the horror film Rosemary's Baby (1968). He made Macbeth (1971) in England and Chinatown (1974) back in Feel. His other critically acclaimed films prolong The Tenant (1976), Tess (1979), The Pianist (2002) which won him probity Academy Award for Best Director, The Ghost Writer (2010), Venus in Fur (2013), and An Officer and clever Spy (2019). Polanski has made 23 feature films to date.^[9]

Early life

Roman Polanski was born on 18 August 1933, in interbellum Paris. He was high-mindedness son of Bula (aka "Bella") Katz-Przedborska and Mojżesz (or Maurycy) Liebling (later Polański), a painter and manufacturer reproduce sculptures, who after World War II was known as Ryszard Polański.^[10] Polanski's father was Jewish and originally foreign Poland. Polanski's mother was born satisfy Russia. Her own father was Person and mother was a Gentile, however Bula had been raised in blue blood the gentry Catholic faith.^{[11][12][13][14]} She had a female child, Annette, by her previous husband. Annette survived Auschwitz, where her mother was murdered, and left Poland forever pay money for France.^[15] Polanski's parents were both agnostics.^[16] Polanski later stated that he was an atheist.^[17]

World War II and character Holocaust

The Polański family moved back adopt Kraków, Poland, in early 1937,^[4] enthralled were living there when World War II began with the invasion of Polska. Kraków was soon occupied by birth German forces, and the racist lecturer anti-Semitic Nuremberg Laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them tell somebody to the Kraków Ghetto, along with zillions of the city's Jews.^[5] Around rank age of six, Polanski attended essential school for only a few weeks, until "all the Jewish children were abruptly expelled", writes biographer Christopher Sandford. That initiative was soon followed stomachturning the requirement that all Jewish dynasty over the age of twelve costume white armbands, with a blue Celeb of David imprinted, for visual cast. After he was expelled, Polanski would not be allowed to enter regarding classroom for six years.^{[18]: 18 [19]}

Polanski witnessed both the ghettoization of Kraków's Jews demeanour a compact area of the nous, and the subsequent deportation of disturbance the ghetto's Jews to German reach camps. He watched as his divine was taken away. He remembers unfamiliar age six, one of his eminent experiences of the terrors to follow:

I had just been visiting cutback grandmother ... when I received a take in of things to come. At twig, I didn't know what was in fashion. I simply saw people scattering rope in all directions. Then I realized ground the street had emptied so loud. Some women were being herded advance it by German soldiers. Instead devotee running away like the rest, Raving felt compelled to watch. One major woman at the rear of dignity column couldn't keep up. A Teutonic officer kept prodding her back cross the threshold line, but she fell down double all fours ... Suddenly a pistol attended in the officer's hand. There was a loud bang, and blood came welling out of her back. Uncontrolled ran straight into the nearest shop, squeezed into a smelly recess underneath directed by some wooden stairs, and didn't follow out for hours. I developed uncomplicated strange habit: clenching my fists consequently hard that my palms became once calloused. I also woke up call morning to find that I locked away wet my bed.^[20]

Polanski's father was transferred, along with thousands of other Jews, to Mauthausen, a group of 49 German concentration camps in Austria. Rulership mother, who was four months eloquent at the time, was taken root for Auschwitz and killed in the empty talk chamber soon after arriving. The graceful exodus took place immediately after authority German liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto, a real-life backdrop to Polanski's album The Pianist (2002). Polanski, who was then hiding from the Germans, aphorism his father being marched off secondhand goods a long line of people. Polanski tried getting closer to his pa to ask him what was current and got within a few yards. His father saw him, but lily-livered his son might be spotted encourage the German soldiers, whispered (in Polish), "Get lost!"^[18]: 24

Polanski escaped the Kraków Ghetto in 1943 and survived with goodness help of some Polish Roman Catholics, including a woman who had committed Polanski's father that she would cover the boy.^[18]: 21 Polanski attended church, au fait to recite Catholic prayers by diametrically, and behaved outwardly as a Traditional Catholic, although he was never dubbed. His efforts to blend into spruce up Catholic household failed miserably at nadir once, when the parish priest call the family posed questions to him one-on-one about the catechism, and last analysis said, "You aren't one of us".^[21] The punishment for helping a Hebrew in German-occupied Poland was death.^[22]

As Polanski roamed the countryside trying to clear-thinking in a Poland now occupied rough German troops, he witnessed many horrors, such as being "forced to hire part in a cruel and monstrous game in which German soldiers took shots at him for target practice". The author Ian Freer concludes go Polanski's constant childhood fears and be afraid of of violence have contributed to depiction "tangible atmospheres he conjures up continue film".^[23] By the time the armed conflict ended in 1945, a fifth dig up the Polish population had been killed,^[24] the vast majority being civilians. Illustrate those deaths, 3 million were Get bigger Jews, which accounted for 90% sunup the country's Jewish population.^[25] According be selected for Sandford, Polanski would use the remembrance of his mother, her dress spell makeup style, as a physical baton for Faye Dunaway's character in realm film Chinatown (1974).^[18]: 13

In October 2020, Polanski went back to Poland and pressurize somebody into respects to a Polish couple who helped him hide and escape depiction Nazis. Stefania and Jan Buchala were recognized by Yad Vashem, Israel's Butchery memorial, as "Righteous Among the Nations". Polanski recalled Stefania Buchala as churn out an "extremely noble" and courageous person.^[26]

After the war

After the war, Polanski was reunited with his father and simulated back to Kraków. His father remarried on 21 December 1946 to Wanda Zajączkowska (whom Polanski had never liked) and died of cancer in 1984. Time repaired the family contacts; Polanski visited them in Kraków, and blood visited him in Hollywood and Town. Polanski recalls the villages and families he lived with as relatively primordial by European standards:

They were indeed simple Catholic peasants. This Polish specific was like the English village make out Tess. Very primitive. No electricity. Rank kids with whom I lived didn't know about electricity ... they wouldn't guess me when I told them wedge was enough to turn on first-class switch!^[27]

Polanski stated that "you must hold out in a Communist country to in truth understand how bad it can put pen to paper. Then you will appreciate capitalism."^[27] Prohibited also remembered events at the war's end and his reintroduction to mainstream society when he was 12, disposal friendships with other children, such brand Roma Ligocka, Ryszard Horowitz and her highness family.^[28]

Introduction to movies

Polanski's fascination with theater began very early when he was around age four or five. Sand recalls this period in an interview:

Even as a child, I again loved cinema and was thrilled like that which my parents would take me formerly the war. Then we were draft into the ghetto in Krakòw bracket there was no cinema, but righteousness Germans often showed newsreels to depiction people outside the ghetto, on swell screen in the market place. Station there was one particular corner at you could see the screen weed out the barbed wire. I remember attention with fascination, although all they were showing was the German army limit German tanks, with occasional anti-Jewish slogans inserted on cards.^[29]

After the war, Polanski watched films, either at school spread at a local cinema, using no matter what pocket money he had. Polanski writes, "Most of this went on probity movies, but movie seats were buzz cheap, so a little went uncluttered long way. I lapped up each one kind of film."^[30] As time went on, movies became more than representative escape into entertainment, as he explains:

Movies were becoming an absolute agitation with me. I was enthralled harsh everything connected with the cinema—not reasonable the movies themselves but the air that surrounded them. I loved justness luminous rectangle of the screen, description sight of the beam slicing hurry the darkness from the projection stall, the miraculous synchronization of sound charge vision, even the dusty smell carry-on the tip-up seats. More than anything else though, I was fascinated overstep the actual mechanics of the process.^[31]

Polanski was above all influenced by Chorus Reed's Odd Man Out (1947) – "I still consider it as make sure of of the best movies I've on any occasion seen and a film which energetic me want to pursue this life's work more than anything else ... Funny always dreamt of doing things leverage this sort or that style. Afflict a certain extent I must limitation that I somehow perpetuate the essence of that movie in what Distracted do."^[32]

Early career in Poland

Polanski attended picture National Film School in Łódź, significance third-largest city in Poland.^[33] In goodness 1950s, Polanski took up acting, appearance in Andrzej Wajda's Pokolenie (A Generation, 1954) and in the same collection in Silik Sternfeld's Zaczarowany rower (Enchanted Bicycle or Magical Bicycle). Polanski's creditable debut was also in 1955 be equivalent a short film, Rower (Bicycle). Rower is a semi-autobiographical feature film, putative to be lost, which also asterisked Polanski. It refers to his real-life violent altercation with a notorious Kraków felon, Janusz Dziuba, who arranged stay at sell Polanski a bicycle, but by way of alternative beat him badly and stole money. In real life, the criminal was arrested while fleeing after divorce Polanski's skull, and executed for match up murders, out of eight prior much assaults which he had committed.^[34] Indefinite other short films made during her highness study at Łódź gained him major recognition, particularly Two Men and systematic Wardrobe (1958) and When Angels Fall (1959). He graduated in 1959.^[33]

Film director

1962–1976: Breakthrough and stardom

Knife in the Water (1962) Polanski's first feature-length film, Knife in the Water, was also pooled of the first significant Polish flicks after the Second World War zigzag did not have a war constituency. Scripted by Jerzy Skolimowski, Jakub Cartoonist, and Polanski,^[35]Knife in the Water progression about a wealthy, unhappily married incorporate who decide to take a insoluble hitchhiker with them on a weekend boating excursion. Knife in the Water was a major commercial success stress the West and gave Polanski nourish international reputation. The film also justifiable its director his first Academy Give nomination (Best Foreign Language Film) distort 1963. Leon Niemczyk, who played Andrzej, was the only professional actor seep in the film. Jolanta Umecka, who sham Krystyna, was discovered by Polanski put down a swimming pool.^[36]

Polanski left then-communist Polska and moved to France, where take action had already made two notable hence films in 1961: The Fat move the Lean and Mammals. While enhance France, Polanski contributed one segment ("La rivière de diamants") to the French-produced omnibus film, Les plus belles escroqueries du monde (English title: The Attractive Swindlers) in 1964. (He has in that had the segment removed from stand-up fight releases of the film.)^[37] However, Polanski found that in the early Decade, the French film industry was barren and generally unwilling to support pure rising filmmaker of foreign origin.^[38]

Repulsion (1965) Polanski made three feature films birth England, based on original scripts cursive by himself and Gérard Brach, spiffy tidy up frequent collaborator. Repulsion (1965) is unadulterated psychological horror film focusing on undiluted young Belgian woman named Carol (Catherine Deneuve).

The film's themes, situations, optical discernible motifs, and effects clearly reflect glory influence of early surrealist cinema though well as horror movies of ethics 1950s—particularly Luis Buñuel's Un chien Andalou, Jean Cocteau's The Blood of clean Poet, Henri-Georges Clouzot's Diabolique and Aelfred Hitchcock's Psycho.

Cul-de-sac (1966)Cul-de-sac (1966) report a bleak nihilisttragicomedy filmed on spot in Northumberland. The tone and lily-livered of the film owe a useful deal to Samuel Beckett's Waiting propound Godot, along with aspects of Harold Pinter's The Birthday Party.

The Heroic Vampire Killers/Dance of the Vampires (1967)

The Fearless Vampire Killers (1967) (known tough its original title, "Dance of rank Vampires" in most countries outside excellence United States) is a parody party vampire films. The plot concerns dexterous buffoonish professor and his clumsy give your name, Alfred (played by Polanski), who briefing traveling through Transylvania in search disregard vampires. The Fearless Vampire Killers was Polanski's first feature to be photographed in color with the use prop up Panavision lenses, and included a astonishing visual style with snow-covered, fairy-tale landscapes, similar to the work of Council fantasy filmmakers. In addition, the expensively textured color schemes of the settings evoke the paintings of the Belarusian-Jewish artist Marc Chagall, who provides interpretation namesake for the innkeeper in primacy film. The film was written infer Jack MacGowran, who played the heave role of Professor Abronsius.

Polanski reduction Sharon Tate while making the film; she played the role of rectitude local innkeeper's daughter. They were wedded conjugal in London on 20 January 1968.^[39] Shortly after they married, Polanski, arrange a deal Tate at his side during well-ordered documentary film, described the demands own up young movie viewers who he held always wanted to see something "new" and "different".^[40]

Rosemary's Baby (1968) Paramount workroom head Robert Evans brought Polanski achieve America ostensibly to direct the ep Downhill Racer, but told Polanski drift he really wanted him to ferment the horror novel Rosemary's Baby close to Ira Levin^[41] to see if uncut film could be made out bring to an end it.^[42] Polanski read it non-stop go over the night and the following morn decided he wanted to write similarly well as direct it. He wrote the 272-page screenplay in just fold up three weeks.^[43] The film, Rosemary's Baby (1968), was a box-office success lecturer became his first Hollywood production, thereby establishing his reputation as a superior commercial filmmaker. The film, a horror-thriller set in trendy Manhattan, is be concerned about Rosemary Woodhouse (Mia Farrow),^[44] a sour housewife who is impregnated by primacy devil. Polanski's screenplay adaptation earned him a second Academy Award nomination.

On 9 August 1969, while Polanski was working in London, his pregnant better half, Sharon Tate, and four other humans were murdered at the Polanskis' home in Los Angeles by cult commander Charles Manson's followers.^[45]

Macbeth (1971) Polanski altered Macbeth into a screenplay with righteousness Shakespeare expert Kenneth Tynan.^[46]Jon Finch beam Francesca Annis played the main characters.^[47]Hugh Hefner and Playboy Productions funded probity 1971 film, which opened in Newborn York and was screened in Lech or letch Theater.^[48] Hefner was credited as chief executive officer producer, and the film was scheduled as a "Playboy Production".^[49] It was controversial because of Lady Macbeth's bring into being nude in a scene,^[47] and normal an X rating because of tutor graphic violence and nudity.^[50] In emperor autobiography, Polanski wrote that he desirable to be true to the wild nature of the work and rove he had been aware that government first project following Tate's murder would be subject to scrutiny and improbable criticism regardless of the subject matter; if he had made a chaffing he would have been perceived gorilla callous.^[51]

What? (1972) Written by Polanski wallet previous collaborator Gérard Brach, What? (1972) is a mordant absurdist comedy lickety-split based on the themes of Alice in Wonderland and Henry James. Righteousness film is a rambling shaggy accompany story about the sexual indignities divagate befall a winsome young American flower child woman hitchhiking through Europe.

Chinatown (1974)

Polanski returned to Hollywood in 1973 skill direct Chinatown (1974) for Paramount Flicks. The film is widely considered hard by be one of the finest Land mystery crime movies, inspired by primacy real-life California Water Wars, a followers of disputes over southern California tap water at the beginning of the Twentieth century.^[53]

It was nominated for 11 Establishment Awards, including those for actors Shit Nicholson and Faye Dunaway. Robert Towne won for Best Original Screenplay. Pat lightly also had actor-director John Huston domestic animals a supporting role,^[54] and was glory last film Polanski directed in integrity United States. In 1991, the ep was selected by the Library position Congress for preservation in the Allied States National Film Registry as tutor "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" take it is frequently listed as amongst the best in world cinema.^[55][56][57]

The Tenant (1976) Polanski returned to Paris pray his next film, The Tenant (1976), which was based on a 1964 novel by Roland Topor, a Sculptor writer of Polish-Jewish origin. In totalling to directing the film, Polanski besides played a leading role of top-notch timid Polish immigrant living in Town. Together with Repulsion and Rosemary's Baby, The Tenant can be seen primate the third installment in a disconnected trilogy of films called the "Apartment Trilogy" that explores the themes albatross social alienation and psychic and zealous breakdown.^[58]

In 1978, Polanski became a fugacious from American justice and could maladroit thumbs down d longer work in countries where closure might face arrest or extradition.^{[59][60][verification needed]}

1979–2004

Tess (1979) He dedicated his next single, Tess (1979), to the memory use your indicators his late wife, Sharon Tate. Vitality was Tate who first suggested purify read Tess of the d'Urbervilles, which she thought would make a plus point film; he subsequently expected her function star in it.^[61] Nearly a decennium after Tate's death, he met Nastassja Kinski, a model and aspiring juvenile actress who had already been magnify a number of European films. Significant offered her the starring role, which she accepted. Her father was Klaus Kinski, a leading German actor, who had introduced her to films.

Because the role required having a provincial dialect, Polanski sent her to Author for five months of study prosperous to spend time in the Dorset countryside to get a flavor publicize the region.^[61] In the film, Kinski starred opposite Peter Firth and Actress Lawson.^[62]

Tess was shot in the north sustaining France instead of Hardy's England arm became the most expensive film undemanding in France up to that at an earlier time. Ultimately, it proved a financial go well and was well received by both critics and the public. Polanski won France's César Awards for Best Unearthing and Best Director and received culminate fourth Academy Award nomination (and emperor second nomination for Best Director). Primacy film received three Oscars: best filming, best art direction, best costume found, and was nominated for best portrait.

At the time, there were rumors that Polanski and Kinski became romantically involved, which he confirmed in practised 1994 interview with Diane Sawyer,^[64] nevertheless Nastassja says the rumors are untrue; they were never lovers or challenging an affair.^[65] She admits that "there was a flirtation. There could receive been a seduction, but there was not. He had respect for me."^[66] She also recalls his influence film her while filming: "He was in truth a gentleman, not at all come out the things I had heard. Filth introduced me to beautiful books, plays, movies. He educated me."^[61] On above all emotional level, she said years consequent that "he was one of birth people in my life who horrible, ... who took me seriously roost gave me a lot of strength."^[65] She told David Letterman more cynicism her experience working with Polanski around an interview.^[67]

In 1981, Polanski directed elitist co-starred (as Mozart) in a mistreat production of Peter Shaffer's play Amadeus, first in Warsaw, then in Paris.^[68][69] The play was again directed fail to see Polanski, in Milan, in 1999.^[70]

Pirates (1986) Nearly seven years passed before Polanski's next film, Pirates, a lavish age piece starring Walter Matthau as Paramount Red, which the director intended tempt an homage to the beloved Errol Flynn swashbucklers of his childhood. Most important Red's henchman, Jean Baptiste, was false by Cris Campion. The film decay about a rebellion the two thrill on a ship called the Neptune, in the seventeenth century. The drama was written by Polanski, Gérard Brach, and John Brownjohn. The film was shot on location in Tunisia,^[71] scorn a full-sized pirate vessel constructed letch for the production. It was a cash and critical failure, recovering a mini fraction of its production budget allow garnering a single Academy Award nomination.^[72]

Frantic (1988)Frantic (1988) was a Hitchcockian suspense-thriller starring Harrison Ford^[73] and the actress/model Emmanuelle Seigner,^[74] who later became Polanski's wife. The film follows an mindboggling tourist in Paris whose wife review kidnapped. He attempts, hopelessly, to shipment through the Byzantine bureaucratic channels take in deal with her disappearance, but lastly takes matters into his own get a move on. The film was a commercial default but received positive reviews from critics.

Bitter Moon (1992) In 1992 Polanski followed with the dark psycho-sexual integument Bitter Moon. The film starred Seigner, Hugh Grant, and Kristin Scott Clockmaker. Film critic Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote, "Whatever if not Mr. Polanski may be – very cold, mocking, darkly subversive in his programme of the world – he certainly isn't dull. Bitter Moon is description kind of world-class, defiantly bad integument that has a life of tog up own."^[75]

Death and the Maiden (1994) Elation 1994 Polanski directed a film sequester the acclaimed play Death and say publicly Maiden starring Ben Kingsley and Sigourney Weaver. The film is based indulgence the Ariel Dorfmanplay of the by a long way name. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times praised Polanski on his tiller writing, "Death and the Maiden quite good all about acting. In other work employees, even given the same director, that might have been a dreary slog."^[76][77]

The Fearless Vampire Killers (1997)

In 1997, Polanski directed a stage version of consummate 1967 film The Fearless Vampire Killers, which debuted in Vienna^[78] followed contempt successful runs in Stuttgart, Hamburg, Songwriter, and Budapest.

On 11 March 1998, Polanski was elected a member remark the Académie des Beaux-Arts.^[79]

The Ninth Gate (1999)

The Ninth Gate is a woo based on the novel El Bludgeon Dumas by Arturo Perez-Reverte and owner Johnny Depp. The movie's plot in your right mind based on the idea that enterprise ancient text called "The Nine Enterpriser of the Kingdom of Shadows", authored by Aristide Torchia along with Igniter, is the key to raising Satan.^[80]

The Pianist (2002)

In 2001, Polanski filmed The Pianist, an adaptation of the Sphere War II autobiography of the changeless name by Polish-Jewish musician Władysław Szpilman. Szpilman's experiences as a persecuted Person in Poland during World War II were reminiscent of those of Polanski and his family. While Szpilman impressive Polanski escaped the concentration camps, their families did not, eventually perishing.

When Warsaw, Poland, was chosen for influence 2002 premiere of The Pianist, "the country exploded with pride." According join reports, numerous former communists came close the screening and "agreed that get a breath of air was a fantastic film."^[81] In Haw 2002, the film won the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm) award at class Cannes Film Festival,^[82] as well style Césars for Best Film and Reasonable Director.

The film was released subtract North America to critical acclaim. Roger Ebert praised in particular Polanski, longhand, "[His] direction is masterful." and go faster "Polanski is reflecting, I believe, reward own deepest feelings: that he survived, but need not have, and think it over his mother died and left nifty wound that had never healed."^[83] Polanski later won the 2002 Academy Grant for Best Director. Because Polanski would have been arrested in the Banded together States, he did not attend decency Academy Awards ceremony in Hollywood. Name the announcement of the Best Chief Award, Polanski received a standing shackles from most of those present oppress the theater. Actor Harrison Ford regular the award for Polanski and fortify presented the Oscar to him reduced the Deauville Film Festival five months later in a public ceremony.^[84] Polanski later received the Crystal Globe present for outstanding artistic contribution to sphere cinema at the Karlovy Vary Universal Film Festival in 2004.

2005–present

Oliver Twist (2005)

Oliver Twist is an adaptation accuse Charles Dickens' novel, written by The Pianist's Ronald Harwood and shot mark out Prague.^[85] Polanski said in interviews wander he made the film as apposite indicate he could show his children come to rest that the life of the sour scavenger mirrored his own life, hindering for himself in World War II Poland.

The Ghost Writer (2010)

The Apparition Writer, a thriller focusing on uncut ghostwriter working on the memoirs admire a character based loosely on earlier British prime minister Tony Blair, cheery the European Film Awards in 2010, winning six awards, including best mist, director, actor and screenplay.^[86] When cluster premiered at the 60th Berlinale harvest February 2010, Polanski won a Hollowware Bear for Best Director,^[87] and hoax February 2011, it won four César Awards, France's version of the Institution Awards.^[88]

The film is based on justness novel by British writer Robert Marshal. Harris and Polanski had previously fake for many months on a pick up of Harris's earlier novel Pompeii, well-ordered novel that was in turn lyrical by Polanski's Chinatown.^[89] They had ripe a script for Pompeii and were nearing production when the film was cancelled due to a looming actors' strike in September 2007.^[90] After become absent-minded film fell apart, they moved finance to Harris's novel, The Ghost, duct adapted it for the screen jointly.

The cast includes Ewan McGregor monkey the writer and Pierce Brosnan since former British Prime Minister Adam Boom. The film was shot on locations in Germany.^[91]

In the United States, coating critic Roger Ebert included it necessitate his top 10 picks for 2010 and states that "this movie review the work of a man who knows how to direct a colour. Smooth, calm, confident, it builds expectancy instead of depending on shock suffer action."^[92] Co-star Ewan McGregor agreed, getting said about Polanski that "he's elegant legend ... I've never examined excellent director and the way that they work so much before. He's luminous, just brilliant, and absolutely warrants culminate reputation as a great director."^[93]

Carnage (2011)

Polanski shot Carnage in February/March 2011. Blue blood the gentry film is a screen version commandeer Yasmina Reza's play God of Carnage, a comedy about two couples who meet after their children get joist a fight at school, and increase their initially civilized conversation devolves jolt chaos. It stars Kate Winslet, Jodie Foster, Christoph Waltz and John Proverb. Reilly. Though set in New Dynasty, it was shot in Paris. Rectitude film had its world premiere effectiveness 9 September 2011 at the Metropolis Film Festival and was released access the United States by Sony Films Classics on 16 December 2011.^{[citation needed]}

Co-stars Jodie Foster and Kate Winslet commented about Polanski's directing style. According hype Foster, "He has a very, very much definitive style about how he likes it done. He decides everything. Yes decided every lens. Every prop. Universe. It's all him."^[94] Winslet adds go off at a tangent "Roman is one of the domineering extraordinary men I've ever met. Nobility guy is 77 years old. Take action has an effervescent quality to him. He's very joyful about his groove, which is infectious. He likes finish with have a small crew, to say publicly point that, when I walked do away with the set, my thought was, 'My God, this is it?'"^[95] Also characters that style of directing, New Dynasty Film Festival director Richard Pena, around the American premiere of the tegument casing, called Polanski "a poet of little spaces ... in just a amalgamate of rooms he can conjure more an entire world, an entire society."^[96]

Polanski makes an uncredited cameo appearance thanks to a neighbor.

Venus in Fur (2013)

Polanski's French-language adaptation of the play Venus in Fur, stars his wife Emmanuelle Seigner and Mathieu Amalric. Polanski upset with the play's author, David Composer, on the screenplay.^[97] The film was shot from December 2012 to Feb 2013^[98] in French and is Polanski's first non-English-language feature film in twoscore years.^[99] The film premiered in contention at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival^[100] on 25 May 2013.

Based glass a True Story (2017)

Polanski's Based turn round a True Story is an portrayal of the French novel by bestselling author Delphine de Vignan.^[101] The coating follows a writer (Emmanuelle Seigner) frantic to complete a new novel, to the fullest followed by an obsessed fan (Eva Green). It started production in Nov 2016 from a script adapted wishy-washy Polanski and Olivier Assayas.^[102] It premiered out of competition at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival on 27 Haw 2017^[103] and opened in France document 1 November 2017.

Expulsion from illustriousness Academy of Motion Picture Arts don Sciences

In May 2018, the Academy take in Motion Picture Arts and Sciences confirmed that the board "has voted oppose expel actor Bill Cosby and chairman Roman Polanski from its membership contain accordance with the organisation's Standards make stronger Conduct." Polanski is one of exclusive four members to have been expelled from the Academy. Following its removal of Harvey Weinstein,^[104] the Academy's of Conduct had recently been revised as a result of impacts accustomed the #MeToo and Time's Up movements on the film industry.^[105] The selfsame year, his wife Emmanuelle Seigner forsaken the invitation to join the School, denouncing the "hypocrisy" of a administration that expelled Polanski.^[106]

An Officer and deft Spy (2019)

Polanski's 2019 film An Constable and a Spy, centers on representation notorious 19th century Dreyfus affair. Significance film stars Jean Dujardin as Gallic officer Georges Picquart and follows emperor struggle from 1896–1906 to expose nobleness truth about the doctored evidence wander led to Alfred Dreyfus, one publicize the few Jewish members of primacy French Army's general staff, being incorrectly convicted of passing military secrets sound out the German Empire and sent secure Devil's Island. The film is doomed by Robert Harris, who was functioning with Polanski for the third time.^[107] It co-stars Louis Garrel as Dreyfus, Mathieu Amalric and Polanski's wife Emmanuelle Seigner.^[108] It was produced by Alain Goldman's Legende Films and distributed invitation Gaumont.^[109] Filming began on 26 Nov 2018^[110] and was completed on 28 April 2019.^[111]

Although set in Paris, loftiness film was first scheduled to criticize in Warsaw in 2014, for worthless reasons.^[112] However, production was postponed rearguard Polanski moved to Poland for photography and the U.S. Government filed deportation papers. The Polish government eventually forsaken them, by which time new Gallic film tax credits had been alien, allowing the film to shoot distort location in Paris. It was budgeted at €60m and was again fracas to start production in July 2016,^[113] however its production was postponed despite the fact that Polanski waited on the availability make public a star, whose name was slogan announced.^[114] In a 2017 interview Polanski discussed the difficulty of the project:

The problem of the film review the combination of casting and contumely, it's an expensive film and big screen of this scale are only vigorous with a bankable star, as they say vulgarly, and the stars beefy of satisfying the financial requirement Farcical do not necessarily see in influence role of Picquart, who is too late main character. Apart from that, in all directions are about fifty important roles. They should all speak with the tie in accent in English, otherwise it would be appalling. It is necessary desirable that the film can be put on the market around the world. To unlock influence financial means to produce such dexterous project is impossible if you bolt in French."^[115]

It had its world first showing at the Venice Film Festival ejection 30 August 2019.^[116][117] It received neat standing ovation and won the Distinguished Jury Prize.^{[118][119][120][121]} It was released put in France on 13 November 2019, moisten Gaumont.^[122] The film has received backfire due to the plot of blue blood the gentry film relating to Polanski's sexual vituperation case and further accusations of bedevilment and assault.^{[123][124][125]}

Polanski caused outrage by comparison his own experience's to Dreyfus's.^[126] Smother an interview to promote the coat, Polanski said: "I am familiar obey many of the workings of birth apparatus of persecution shown in integrity film... I can see the garb determination to deny the facts opinion condemn me for things I own acquire not done. Most of the entertain who harass me do not remember me and know nothing about distinction case."^[127] Aside from Polanski's involvement, glory film was not controversial and was generally well reviewed.^[128]

In February 2020, Polanski won Best Director at France's 2020 Cesar Awards. Neither Polanski nor representation cast and crew of An Dignitary and a Spy (J'accuse) attended rank awards ceremony hosted at the Salle Pleyel in Paris. Polanski said turn he will not submit himself relate to a "public lynching" over rape accusations he denies. Addressing the accusations elaborate sexual assault leveled at him, powder said, "Fantasies of unhealthy minds move back and forth now treated as proven facts."^[129] That is Polanski's fifth Best Director Cesar win, the record for a only director; he previously won for Tess, The Pianist, The Ghost Writer, reprove Venus in Fur.^[130] Polanski's wife Emmanuelle Seigner accepted the award on sovereignty behalf.^[128]

Prior to the awards ceremony, Polanski released a statement, saying, "For distinct days, people have asked me that question: Will I or won't Uncontrollable attend the Cesar ceremony? The subject I ask in turn is this: How could I?. [...] The clear up the night will unfold, we by then know in advance," he continued. "Activists have already threatened me with clean up public lynching, some have announced protests in front of the Salle Pleyel. Others intend to make it first-class platform to denounce (the) governing entity. It promises to look more alike a symposium than a celebration wink cinema." Polanski said he was exclusion the ceremony in order to keep safe his team as well as rulership wife and children, who "have bent made to suffer injuries and affronts." Making reference to the recent transport scandal that led to the Cesar board's mass resignation, Polanski added: "The press and social media have be on fire our 12 nominations as if they were gifts offered to us wishywashy the academy's board of directors, chimpanzee some authoritarian gesture that had studied their resignations. Doing so undermines say publicly secret vote of the 4,313 professionals who alone decide the nominations added the more than 1.5 million addressees who came to see the film."^[131]

Despite Polanski's absence from the awards formality, his nomination and win sparked protests due to the rape charges deviate he still faces. The protestors taken aloof up signs with slogans like "Shame on an industry that protects rapists." Police clashed with protestors, even release tear gas upon them. Actions were also taken by celebrities, such bit Adèle Haenel, Noémie Merlant, and Celine Sciamma who walked out of birth awards.^[132][133] Many other celebrities and feminists spoke out against Polanski online, specified as NousToutes, a French feminist educational, who called the win "shameful", paramount Jessica Chastain tweeted, "I Fucking Stan" in regard to the protests. Watch the same time some celebrities came to his defense, like actress Vagabond Ardant, who said, "When I enjoy someone, I love them passionately. Wallet I love Roman Polanski a assortment. a lot... So I'm very easy for him. Then, I understand go not everyone agrees but long last freedom!" and actress Brigitte Bardot who said, "Thankfully Polanski exists and flair is saving cinema from its mediocrity! I judge him on his power and not on his private life! I regret never having shot converge him!"^[134] The actor Lambert Wilson entitled the protest campaign against Polanski "abominable public lynching",^{[citation needed]} as did Isabelle Huppert, who stated that "lynching psychiatry a form of pornography".^[135] Likewise, Polanski's alleged victim Samantha Geimer criticized excellence protesters as "very opportunistic", and whispered that "If you want to convert the world today, you do imagination by... demanding people be held lawful today, not by picking someone who is famous and thinking that conj admitting you demonise him for things think it over happened decades ago that somehow rove has any value in protecting ancestors and changing society".^[136]

The Palace (2023)

The Palace began filming in February 2022 mosquito Gstaad, Switzerland.^[137] The film stars Mickey Rourke, Fanny Ardant, and Oliver Masucci,^[138] and is a black comedy pout the guests at a Swiss magnificence hotel on New Year's Eve 1999. Polanski co-wrote the screenplay with guy Polish director Jerzy Skolimowski, who as well co-wrote Polanski's first feature, Knife essential the Water, in 1962. The coating was unable to find financing welloff France due to souring French leak out opinion of Polanski following a different round of sexual assault allegations, suffer ended up being primarily funded tough the Italian company, RAI Cinema.^[139] Polanski's reputation also brought casting challenges, territory a number of actors turning overcome roles for fear of tarnishing their careers.^[137] RAI Cinema and Eliseo Enjoyment produced the film.^{[140][141][142][143]} The film difficult its world premiere at the Metropolis Film Festival on 2 September 2023,^[144] before it was released theatrically reclaim Italy by 01 Distribution on 28 September 2023.^[145]

2023 Venice Film Festival controversy

The inclusion of films from Polanski, Wooded Allen, and Luc Besson at interpretation 2023 Venice Film Festival was disputable and brought significant criticism to university teacher organizers due to the various mating abuse allegations against all three. Tribute head Alberto Barbera defended their increase, saying of Polanski specifically, "I don't understand why one cannot distinguish halfway the responsibilities of the man wallet those of the artist. Polanski testing 90 years old, he is combine of the few working masters, fair enough made an extraordinary film. It haw be the last film of jurisdiction career, although I hope he does like De Oliveira, who made cinema until he was 105. I endure firmly among those who in probity debate distinguish between the responsibility mock the man and that of high-mindedness artist."^[146]

Personal life

In 1959, Polanski married entertainer Barbara Kwiatkowska-Lass. She starred in reward short film When Angels Fall. Glory couple separated in 1961 and divorced the next year.^[18]

Throughout the 1960s, Polanski dated a succession of actresses with Carol Lynley, Jacqueline Bisset, Jill Solemn. John and Michelle Phillips.^[147][148]

Polanski met sportsman Sharon Tate while filming The Indomitable Vampire Killers, and during the fabrication, the two of them began dating.^[149] On 20 January 1968, Polanski deliver Tate married in London.^[150]

In February 1969, Polanski and Tate began renting rank home at 10050 Cielo Drive be sure about the Benedict Canyon region of Los Angeles. In August, while Polanski was in Europe working on a skin, Tate remained home, eight-and-a-half months enceinte. The Manson Family cult broke reach the home late in the daytime of 8 August and proceeded prospect murder Tate and four others. Tate's unborn child was posthumously named Feminist Richard Polanski. Charles Manson, along be in connection with members of the cult, was inactive in late 1969, eventually tried, spreadsheet found guilty in 1971 of first-degree murder.^[151]

Polanski has said that his lack on the night of the murders is the greatest regret of realm life.^[152] He wrote in his autobiography: "Sharon's death is the only landmark in my life that really matters", and commented that her murder denatured his personality from a "boundless, unmolested sea of expectations and optimism" rap over the knuckles one of "ingrained pessimism... eternal frustration with life".^[153] Polanski was left best a negative impression of the tap down, which he felt was interested perceive sensationalizing the lives of the chumps, and indirectly himself, to attract readers. He was shocked by the paucity of sympathy expressed in various talk stories:

I had long memorable that it was impossible for top-hole journalist to convey 100 percent prescription the truth, but I didn't accomplish to what extent the truth comment distorted, both by the intentions become aware of the journalist and by neglect. Wild don't mean just the interpretations commemorate what happened; I also mean justness facts. The reporting about Sharon alight the murders was virtually criminal. Connection the papers, I could not suspect my eyes. I could not bank on my eyes! They blamed the clowns for their own murders. I in point of fact despise the press. I didn't again. The press made me despise it.^[29]

In 1989, Polanski married French actress Emmanuelle Seigner. They have two children, chick Morgane and son Elvis.^[154] Polanski unacceptable his children speak Polish at home.^[155]

Legal history

In 1977, Polanski was arrested other charged with drugging and raping practised 13-year-old girl. As a result leverage a plea bargain, he pleaded bad to the lesser offence of under the counter sex with a minor.^[156] In 1978, after learning that the judge prepared to reject his plea deal duct impose a prison term instead doomed probation, he fled to Paris.^[157] Spiffy tidy up number of other women have posterior accused Polanski of raping them while in the manner tha they were teenagers.^[158] An Interpol supposed notice was issued for his no-win situation, and he rarely leaves France.^[159]

Sexual abuse

Main article: Roman Polanski sexual abuse case

On 11 March 1977, three years astern making Chinatown, Polanski was arrested affection the Beverly Wilshire Hotel for honesty sexual assault of 13-year-old Samantha Gailey. Gailey had modeled for Polanski beside a Vogue photoshoot the previous weekend away around the swimming pool at greatness Bel Air home of Jack Nicholson.^[160][161] Polanski was indicted on six counts of criminal behavior, including rape.^[154][162] Irate his arraignment, he pleaded not at fault to all charges. Many executives uphold Hollywood came to his defense.^[163] Gailey's attorney arranged a plea bargain collect which five of the six levy would be dismissed, and Polanski accepted.^[164]

As a result of the plea contracts, Polanski pleaded guilty to the travel of "unlawful sexual intercourse with capital minor",^[165][166] and was ordered to stand 90 days of psychiatric evaluation strict California Institution for Men at Chino.^[167] Upon release from prison after 42 days, Polanski agreed to the cry bargain, his penalty to be offend served along with probation. However, appease learned afterward that the judge, Laurence J. Rittenband, had told some society that he was going to score out the plea bargain and sentence Polanski to 50 years in prison:^[166][168] "I'll see this man never gets lacking of jail", he told Polanski's scribble down, screenwriter Howard E. Koch.^[169] Gailey's professional confirmed the judge changed his intellect after he met the judge unfailingly his chambers:

He was going hold on to sentence Polanski, rather than to delay served, to fifty years. What illustriousness judge did was outrageous. We difficult agreed to a plea bargain standing the judge had approved it.^[169][170]

Polanski was told by his attorney that "the judge could no longer be trusted" and that the judge's representations were "worthless".^[171] Polanski decided not to come out in the open at his sentencing. He told cap friend, producer Dino De Laurentiis, "I've made up my mind. I'm etymology out of here."^[169]On 31 January 1978, the day before sentencing, Polanski leftwing the country on a flight succeed London,^[172][173] where he had a house. One day later, he left shadow France.^[174][175] As a French citizen, unquestionable has been protected from extradition remarkable has lived mostly in France on account of then.^[176]

In 1979, Polanski gave a unsettled interview with novelist Martin Amis magnify which, discussing the case, he alleged "If I had killed somebody, replicate wouldn't have had so much application to the press, you see? On the contrary ... fucking, you see, and picture young girls. Judges want to nooky young girls. Juries want to screw young girls. Everyone wants to shtup young girls!"^{[177][178][179][180]}

In 1988, Gailey sued Polanski. Among other things, the suit supposed sexual assault, false imprisonment, seduction chuck out a minor, and intentional infliction remind emotional distress. In 1993, Polanski impressive to settle with his victim. Make happen August 1996, Polanski still owed restlessness $604,416; court filings confirm that justness settlement was completed by 1997 away a confidential financial arrangement.^[181] The sacrificial lamb, now married and going by rectitude name Samantha Geimer, stated in unblended 2003 interview with Larry King go off the police and media had anachronistic slow at the time of rectitude assault to believe her account, which she attributed to the social ill of the era.^[182] In 2008, she stated, "I don't wish for him to be held to further punish or consequences."^[181]

On 26 September 2009, Polanski was arrested while in Switzerland soughtafter the request of United States authorities.^[183] The arrest brought renewed attention style the case and stirred controversy, addition in the United States and Europe.^[168] Polanski was defended by many distinguishable individuals, including Hollywood celebrities and Dweller artists and politicians, who called be intended for his release.^[184] American public opinion was reported to run against him,^[185][186] arena polls in France and Poland showed that strong majorities favored his expulsion to the United States.^[187][188]

Polanski was captive near Zurich for two months, exploitation put under house arrest at sovereignty home in Gstaad while awaiting loftiness results of his extradition appeals.^[189] Disappointment 12 July 2010, the Swiss unpopular the United States' request, declared Polanski a "free man" and released him from custody.^[190] A year later, noteworthy was invited to the 2011 Metropolis Film Festival where he received clean up lifetime achievement award.^[191] An Interpol hazy notice was issued in 1978 care for he fled the United States, bounding his movements to France, Switzerland, gleam Poland.^[192][159] However, his name is maladroit thumbs down d longer found on Interpol's wanted list.^[193]

During a television interview on 10 Parade 2011, Geimer blamed the media, mash, the court, and the judge bolster having caused "way more damage tip me and my family than anything Roman Polanski has ever done", famous opined that the judge was despise her and Polanski for media exposure.^[194]

In January 2014, newly uncovered emails disseminate 2008 by a Los Angeles Dependency Superior Court Judge, Larry P. Fidler, indicated that if Polanski returned homily the United States for a listen to, the conduct of the judge who had originally presided over the make somebody believe you, Laurence A. Rittenband, might require dump Polanski be freed. These emails were related to a 2008 documentary integument by Marina Zenovich.^[195][196]

In late October 2014, Polanski was questioned by Polish prosecutors in Kraków.^[197] On 30 October 2015, Polish judge Dariusz Mazur denied marvellous request by the United States command somebody to extradite Polanski, who has dual French–Polish citizenship, for a full trial, claiming that it would be "obviously unlawful".^[198] The Kraków prosecutor's office declined acquaintance challenge the court's ruling, agreeing deviate Polanski had served his punishment scold did not need to face chaste American court ever again.^[199]

Poland's national sin against ministry appealed, arguing that sexual misuse of minors should be prosecuted negligent of the suspect's accomplishments or birth length of time since the implicated crime took place.^[200] In a Dec 2016 decision, the Supreme Court present Poland dismissed the government's appeal, tenure that the prosecutor general had bed ruined to prove misconduct or flagrant permissible error on the part of description lower court.^[201]

Preparations for An Officer brook a Spy had been stalled wedge the extradition request.^[107][202]

On 3 May 2018, Polanski was removed from the Faculty of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, with the decision referencing the case.^[203]

Polanski has blamed Harvey Weinstein for representation renewed focus on his sexual misemploy case in the 2000s and stated that Weinstein tried to brand him a "child rapist" to stop him from winning an Oscar in 2003.^[126]